Robert Solow

Brief Biography

The oldest of three children to two working-class Jewish immigrants, Robert Merton Solow was always a successful student, winning a scholarship to study at Harvard University at sixteen. He often cites his childhood during the Great Depression as what first interested him in economics. Though Solow’s studies were interrupted with military service abroad during World War II, he completed his bachelors in 1947 and remained at Harvard for a PhD. As a graduate student he was introduced to empirical economics research by Wassily Leontief, who showed how changes in economic sectors affected one another. Solow was hired by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1949 as a statistics and econometrics instructor. He soon returned to “straight economics”, however, claiming he had discovered in himself “an instinctive macroeconomist struggling to get out.”

In 1956, Solow developed the idea for which he is most well-known: an economic model of large scale growth that considers the development of labor, production, and productivity alongside the technological process. Capital produced by new technologies is expected to be both more valuable and productive to society, correlating macroeconomic growth with technological growth. Though Solow is best known for this model, his work on linear programming greatly contributed to operations research. In 1958 Solow published Linear Programming and Economic Analysis with co-authors 1970 Nobel Prize winner, Paul A. Samuelson, and long-time collaborator Robert Dorfman. This book was one of the first to wed econometrics with linear programming, bringing theoretical application to professional industry.    

At thirty-seven years old, Solow was recognized by the American Economic Association as one of the leading American economists under the age of forty who are “adjudged to have made significant contribution to economic thought and knowledge.” This public recognition positioned him to be an active player in US market and technological development. From 1961 to 1963, he served as a senior economist on U.S. President John F. Kennedy’s Council of Economic Advisors and remained a consultant to the presidency through Lyndon Johnson’s administration. In 1987, Solow was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences “for his contributions to the theory of economic growth.” The following year, he served as president of the American Economic Association.

Many of Solow’s students have gone on to be very successful economists, including the Bank of England’s Deputy Governor for Monetary Policy Sir Charles Bean, as well as Nobel Memorial Prizes in Economic Sciences winners,  George Akerlof, Joseph Stiglitz, Peter Diamond, and William Nordhaus. Solow also had influential students in OR including INFORMS fellow Harvey M. Wagner. Solow states that his choice,  to focus primarily on his students over his own published works was not regrettable. Once he retired teaching he remained professor emeritus at MIT, and continued to play an active role in the relationship between technology, governance, and economic development until his death. Solow was a leading figure in such organizations as the Washington Center for Equitable Growth and the multidisciplinary Cournot Foundation. 

Other Biographies

Wikipedia Entry for Robert Solow

Encyclopedia Britannica. Robert M Solow. Accessed January 1, 2015. (link)

Tufts University Now. 2011 Commencement: Robert M. Solow. Accessed January 1, 2015. (link)

Schilling T.P. (2013) "Robert Solow". Dieterle D, ed. Economic Thinkers: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Greenwood: Santa Barbara, CA.

The New York Times (1987) MAN IN THE NEWS: Robert Merton Solow; Tackling Everyday Economic Problems. (October 22) (link)

Henderson D. (2008) "Robert Merton Solow". Henderson D., ed. The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics. Library of Economics and Liberty(link)

UBS Nobel Perspectives.  Robert Solow - Why do some economies grow faster than others.  Accessed April 25, 2019 (link) 

Robert M. Solow, Groundbreaking Economist and Nobelist, Dies at 99 (link)

Clement, Douglas (2002) Interview with Robert Solow.  The Region, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, September 1, 2002.  (link)

Robert Solow (2004) Interview by Marika Griehsel, September. Nobel Prize Web. (video)

Robert Solow (2007) Interview by Brian Keegan, August 15. The MIT 150 Infinite Oral History Project. (video)

Robert Solow (2009) Interview by Peter Berck. The Annual Review of Resource Economics. (see embedded YouTube video below)